Monday, October 10, 2011

Bibliography



Beausoleil, Raymond G. (2011). Large-Scale Integrated Photonics for High-Performance Interconnects. ACM Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems, 7(2) 6-6:54. doi: 10.1145/1970406.1970408

            A detailed journal article that discusses the advancement in silicon photonics.  It goes into details over the history of photonics and how it can potentially benefit computing.  It also goes into details over various issues that silicon photonics is facing in advancing the technology for use.  It covers various proposed methods of how many of this issues may be resolved.

Brain, Marshall.  (2000, April 01).   How USB Ports Work . Retrieved October 03, 2011, from http://computer.howstuffworks.com/usb.htm

            Published by the founder of the website HowStuffWorks, a bachelor's degree holder in electrical engineering and master's degree in computer science. The article explains the basic operating features of USB.  He explains it through several pages covering cables, hubs, software operation, features, and differences between USB 2.0 and USB 3.0.  As the technology has been updated and changed, the article has been updated to include information on develops so the public may understand how USB works.

Brown, Rich. (2011, September 27). IDG: Current-gen Thunderbolt ports compatible with future optical-based devices. Retrieved October 04, 2011 from http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-20112441-1/idg-current-gen-thunderbolt-ports-compatible-with-future-optical-based-devices/

            A CNET techblog run by Rich Brown, CNET's senior editor for desktop, printer, and peripheral device reviews.  The message discusses that Intel is reassuring owners of current generation Thunderbolt bolt devices that they will be compatible with fiber optic Thunderbolt cables.  CNET is a long time running source for up to date computer technology reports and trends.

Crothers, Brooke. (2011, February 24). Intel details Thunderbolt tech. Retrieved October 04, 2011 from http://news.cnet.com/8301-13924_3-20035961-64.html

            A techblog operated by Brooke Crothers at CNET. A contributing reporter to The New York Times' technology section and an editor at CNET.  This post was on specifications of the newly released Thunderbolt by Intel and lists the abilities of the technology released during a Intel press release event.  The article talks about the features, but also discusses how this new technology will compete with USB 3.0, and whether or not it spells trouble to USB 3.0.

Foresman, Chris (2011, June 29). The technology inside Apple's $50 Thunderbolt cable. ars technica. Retrieved October 04, 2011 from http://arstechnica.com/apple/news/2011/06/why-apples-2m-thunderbolt-cable-costs-a-whopping-50.ars

            A technology news and information site, ars technica has been around since 1998.  The article is writes the inner workings of the Thunderbolt cable.  It explains in detail why the cable costs the amount it does, and explains what the components in the cable do. The article then compares this new port technology to an older USB competing technology FireWire or IEEE 1394, and compares whether Thunderbolt is making the same mistakes as FireWire did.

Hachman, Mark. (2011, February 24). Intel Thunderbolt Rollout Won't Be Lightning Fast. PC Magazine. Retrieved October 03, 2011 from  http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2380890,00.asp

           PC Magazine was a long running print magazine on computer technology.  It ceased print publication in 2009, but continues to publish digitally.  The author of this article is a PCMag.com news editor.  The article discusses in depth what makes up Thunderbolt and also explains that the release of Thunderbolt will be slow.  It notes slow release of computers that support Thunderbolt and a slow release of peripherals that use Thunderbolt.

Intel . Thunderbolt™ Technology . Retrieved October 3, 2011, from http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/io/thunderbolt/thunderbolt-technology-developer.html

            A small webpage produced by Intel to introduce the basic functions of Thunderbolt.  It provides a list of advantages, capabilities, and diagrams of Thunderbolt.  As this website is designed as a presentation of the technology to hardware developers to encourage them it focuses on the useful basics of the technology.

Intel. Intel® Universal Serial Bus (USB). Retrieved October 3, 2011, from http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/io/universal-serial-bus/universal-serial-bus.html?wapkw=usb

            A small information page produced by Intel, one of the initial founders of the USB format.  It provides basic information on the USB standard in the past, today, and future applications of the standard.  It also provides a brief history of the USB Implementers Forum that works to promote and advance the USB interface.

Lowensohn, Josh. (2011, February 24). Intel fires up its Thunderbolt tech (live blog). Retrieved October 03, 2011 from http://news.cnet.com/8301-11386_3-20035571-76.html

            A techblog operated by Josh Lowensohn at CNET. He's a CNET reporter and this blog was a live reporting from the Intel press release event of the new Thunderbolt technology.  The blog kept a frequently updated reporting of the events happening at the event present by Intel.  He also provided some background information on Thunderbolt, particularly linking it to the original name of Light Peak. It includes a video of the event that may be viewed as well.

Savov, Vlad. (2011, February 23).  Apple's Light Peak implementation called Thunderbolt, coming in new MacBook Pros? Retrieved October 03, 2011 from  http://www.engadget.com/2011/02/23/apples-light-peak-implementation-called-thunderbolt-coming-in/

            A techblog owned by AOL.  The site keeps up to date on recent technology news events.  This post was during the announcement of Thunderbolt by Apple.  As this source is only used to indicate when the event of the release commercially of Thunderbolt was to the public, it provides a valuable source in indicating the when the announcement was made.  Since this blog is owned by AOL, there will be a higher degree of professionalism in the posts and information than in a personal blog.

Shah, Agam. (2011, April 27). Intel Eyes Post-Thunderbolt Interconnect for 2015. PCWorld. Retrieved October 04, 2011 from http://www.pcworld.com/article/226504/intel_eyes_postthunderbolt_interconnect_for_2015.html

            A news article released by PCWorld, a computer technology magazine that has been published since 1983.  The article reports on Intel releasing statements on new technology that is being currently worked on.  It mentions that it will result in new ports and uses the new silicon photonics technology.  It also explains that such technology may be available as early as 2015.

Shah, Agam. (2011, September 14). Intel's Thunderbolt with fiber optics years away. Computerworld.  Retrieved October 03, 2011 from http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9220029/Intel_s_Thunderbolt_with_fiber_optics_years_away

            An online news article posted by Computerworld, a IT magazine published around the world.  They publish specifically about IT related news.  The article explains that Thunderbolt's fiber optic cables are a long time away, but also reveals information on licensing of Thunderbolt and that Apple currently is the only computer company releasing Thunderbolt equipped computers, with two PC manufacturers releasing PC computers equipped with Thunderbolt ports in 2012.

Ziller, Jason. (2010, January 26). Intel Light Peak Interconnect Technology Update. Retrieved October 04, 2011 from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfGevFIVKw4

            A video by Jason Ziller, Intel's director of the I/O office. He presents a short video introducing their development in Light Peak, the precursor to the commercially released Thunderbolt.   He explains how it uses fiber optics to transfer information to and from devices. These fiber optics will later be used in Thunderbolt, and this shows how these newer cables may work.

Things to discuss

  • Will Thunderbolt become the new Firewire?
  • Can the advantages of Thunderbolt allow it to succeed over USB.
  • Is the cost worth it.
  • Does Intel new future port usurp the acceptance of Thunderbolt

Disadvantage - Beyond Thunderbolt

Source:



Points:
  • Intel is currently working on a technology and port that may come out as early as 2015
  • New port would utilize Silicon Photonics
  • Supports speeds of 50 Gbps
  • Relies on silicon based photonics that can be produced with current silicon chip manufacturing techniques.
  • Technology has the potential to revolutionize the world.
  • May be used to replace electronic computing with photonic computing.

Advantage - Compatible with Fiber Optics

Source:
 Points
  • Intel assures that current generation Thunderbolt ports are compatible with future fiber optic cables that may be release.
  • Fiber optic cables can support up to 100 Gbps.

Disadvantage - Cable Cost

Source:
Points:
  • Thunderbolt achieves 10 Gbps speeds using active cabling
  • Active cabling uses microchips in cable
  • Chips compensate for noise generated by using copper cables.
  • Necessary for data rates above 5 Gbps
  • Thunderbolt cable costs ~$50
  • Apple currently only Thunderbolt cable provider.

Thunderbolt Disadvantages - Slow Roll out

Source:
Points:
  • Slow roll out of products.
  • Apple to initially have it before PC.
  • Initial external devices to first appear during summer 2011.
  • Some companies, like Western Digital, taking a wait and see approach.
  • Few external devices taking advantage of Thunderbolt due to Apple exclusivity.
  • Fiber optic cables will take awhile to make an appearance due to costs.
  • Thunderbolt and USB 3.0 support chips avilable for Intel motherboards in 2012.

Universal Serial Bus

Sources:

The current standard competing heavily against Thunderbolt is USB.

History:
  • Released in 1995 with transfer rates of 12.5 Mbps.
  • Promoted by a USB Implementers Forum formed by a collaboration of many different companies.
Facts:
  • USB 2.0 supports transfer rates up to 480 Mbps.
  • USB 3.0 supports transfer rates up to 5 Gbps.
  • Is backwards compatible with previous USB devices.
  • Can connect up to 127 devices.
  • Slots can be increased by adding hubs with more ports.